Stoic Cosmopolitanism Part 2: The Chronopolis

Andreas Cellarius: Harmonia Macrocosmica, 1661, This image depicts the Earth at the centre of the solar system.

In part one of this essay we explored how ancient Stoic Cosmopolitanism could be divided into three broad, but radically different approaches — the Cosmopolitanisms of independence, interdependence, and parallelism.

In the first two broad ideas of cosmopolitanism, we have one that is about personal liberation from the indifferents of the polis, the tribe, the state, the family, and so…